Egypt is a country in North Africa, famous for its ancient civilization and some of the world's most ancient and important monuments, including the Giza Pyramids and the Great Sphinx of Giza; the southern city of Luxor contains a particularly large number of ancient artifacts such as the Karnak Temple and the Valley of the Kings. Today, Egypt is widely regarded as a main political and cultural centre of the Middle East.

Egypt has a dry climate. It is hot in the summer, with temperatures averaging between 27 - 32°C. Winters are warm, with temperatures averaging between 13 - 21°C. A steady wind from the northwest helps hold down the temperature near the coast. Rain seldom falls in Egypt. Along the Mediterranean Coast, the average yearly rainfall is 8 inches(20cm). Farther south, only about one inch of rain falls every year. During winter snow falls on Sinai's mountains and some coastal cities, such as: Baltim, Damiatta, Sidi Barrany and Alexandria